In emergencies such as natural disasters or accidents, basic first aid knowledge is critical to saving lives. Dr. Lee Tuan Cheong, Assistant Medical Director and Consultant Emergency Physician at Sunway Medical Centre, emphasises that everyone should have basic first aid skills to provide accurate assistance in those crucial moments.

However, there are many dangerous misconceptions, such as applying toothpaste, soy sauce, or vinegar to burns — actions that could worsen the injury. Dr. Lee advises that burns should be rinsed under running cool water for 15 to 30 minutes, and blisters should never be popped.

Other incorrect methods include rubbing or applying medicated oils to injured areas. Instead, wounds should be examined for possible fractures, and ice should be applied during the first 24 hours to reduce pain and swelling.

For individuals who have fainted, Dr. Lee warns against forcing them to drink water or take medication, as it could cause choking. The proper approach is to clear the mouth to ensure an open airway, tilt the chin upwards, and loosen any restrictive clothing such as collars or belts to facilitate breathing.

If a casualty has no pulse or is not breathing, CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) should be performed immediately. Dr. Lee recommends 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths, repeated for five cycles. The victim’s pulse and breathing should be reassessed every two minutes, and CPR should continue until they recover or professional help arrives. If available, an automated external defibrillator (AED) should be used.

In cases of bleeding, Dr. Lee advises staying calm, using clean hands, and washing the wound with clean water or saline solution. Bleeding can be controlled by applying direct pressure to the wound or wrapping it with a clean cloth, and by elevating the injured limb above heart level to encourage clotting.

Dr. Lee reiterates that everyone should have a basic understanding of first aid. Correct initial treatment not only improves the victim’s chances of survival but also reduces pain and suffering before further medical help arrives.

Sources: astroawani.com

Date of Input: 15/05/2025 | Updated: 12/08/2025 | aslamiah